The AHA Journals Online provide free access to abstracts of articles which appear in any of the AHA's five scientific publications. You may subscribe to the AHA's Journals Online to obtain full text access.

b-Blockers in Heart Failure Treatment

Finn Waagstein, MD, PhD

• Lechat, P. et al. Clinical Effects of ß-Adrenergic Blockade in Chronic Heart Failure : A Meta-Analysis of Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Trials. Circulation 1998; 98: 1184-1191.

• Newton, G.E. and Parker, J.D. Acute Effects of ß1-Selective and Nonselective ß-Adrenergic Receptor Blockade on Cardiac Sympathetic Activity in Congestive Heart Failure. Circulation 1996; 94: 353-358.

• Jahns, R. et al. Autoantibodies Activating Human ß1-Adrenergic Receptors Are Associated With Reduced Cardiac Function in Chronic Heart Failure. Circulation 1999; 99: 649-654.

• Anderson, K.M. et al. The Myocardial ß-Adrenergic System in Spontaneously Hypertensive Heart Failure (SHHF) Rats. Hypertension 1999; 33: 402-407.

• Haber, H.L. et al. Why do patients with congestive heart failure tolerate the initiation of beta-blocker therapy? Circulation 1993; 88: 1610-1619.

• Croft, C.H. et al. Abrupt withdrawal of beta-blockade therapy in patients with myocardial infarction: effects on infarct size, left ventricular function, and hospital course. Circulation 1986; 73: 1281-1290.

• Castellano, M. and Bohm, M. The Cardiac ß-Adrenoceptor-Mediated Signaling Pathway and Its Alterations in Hypertensive Heart Disease. Hypertension 1997; 29: 715-722.

• The Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study II (CIBIS-II): a randomised trial. Lancet 1999 Jan 2;353(9146):9-13

• Effect of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure: Metoprolol CR/XL Randomised Intervention Trial in Congestive Heart Failure (MERIT-HF) Lancet 1999 Jun 12;353(9169):2001-7

Diuretics in Heart Failure Management

Mariell Jessup, MD

• Hanumanthu, S. et al. Effect of a Heart Failure Program on Hospitalization Frequency and Exercise Tolerance. Circulation 1997; 96: 2842-2848.

• Armstrong, P.W. and Moe, G.W. Medical advances in the treatment of congestive heart failure. Circulation 1993; 88: 2941-2952.

• Motwani, J.G. et al. Furosemide-induced natriuresis is augmented by ultra-low-dose captopril but not by standard doses of captopril in chronic heart failure. Circulation 1992; 86: 439-445.

• Stevenson, L.W. and Tillisch, J.H. Maintenance of cardiac output with normal filling pressures in patients with dilated heart failure. Circulation 1986; 74: 1303-1308.

Endothelin Blockade and Natriuretic Peptides

John C. Burnett, MD

• Tsunoda, K. et al. Atrial natriuretic peptide in chronic heart failure in the rat: a correlation with ventricular dysfunction. Circ. Res. 1986; 59: 256-261.

• Nakamura, M. et al. Vasodilatory effects of C-type natriuretic peptide on forearm resistance vessels are distinct from those of atrial natriuretic peptide in chronic heart failure. Circulation 1994; 90: 1210-1214.

• Yasue, H. et al. Localization and mechanism of secretion of B-type natriuretic peptide in comparison with those of A-type natriuretic peptide in normal subjects and patients with heart failure. Circulation 1994; 90: 195-203.

• Wei, C.W. et al. Natriuretic peptide system in human heart failure. Circulation 1993; 88: 1004-1009.

• Morita, E. et al. Increased plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 1993; 88: 82-91.

• Sütsch, G. et al. Short-Term Oral Endothelin-Receptor Antagonist Therapy in Conventionally Treated Patients With Symptomatic Severe Chronic Heart Failure. Circulation 1998; 98: 2262-2268.

• Borgeson, D. et al. Chronic Oral Endothelin Type A Receptor Antagonism in Experimental Heart Failure. Hypertension 1998; 31: 766-770.

• Love, M.P. et al. Vasodilator Effects of Endothelin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition and Endothelin ET_A Receptor Blockade in Chronic Heart Failure Patients Treated With ACE Inhibitors. Circulation 1996; 94: 2131-2137.

• Wada, A. et al. Effects of a Specific Endothelin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor on Cardiac, Renal, and Neurohumoral Functions in Congestive Heart Failure : Comparison of Effects With Those of Endothelin A Receptor Antagonism. Circulation 1999; 99: 570-577.

• Mulder, P. et al. Role of Endogenous Endothelin in Chronic Heart Failure : Effect of Long-term Treatment With an Endothelin Antagonist on Survival, Hemodynamics, and Cardiac Remodeling. Circulation 1997; 96: 1976-1982.

Drug Dosing - Are We Giving Enough?

James B. Young, MD

• Bristow, M.R. et al. Carvedilol produces dose-related improvements in left ventricular function and survival in subjects with chronic heart failure. Circulation 1996; 94:2807-2816.

• Levine, T.B. et al. Reverse remodeling in heart failure with intensification of vasodilator therapy. Clin Cardiol 1997; 20:697-702.

• Pacher R., et al. Effects of two different enalapril dosages on clinical, hemodynamic and neurohumoral response of patients with severe congestion heart failure. Eur Heart J 1996; 17:1223-32.

• Hobbs, R.E. High or low doses of ACE inhibitors for heart failure?. Clev Clin J Med 1998; 65:539-42.

• Levine, A.B. et al. Effects of high dose lisinopril - isosorbide dinitrate on severe mitral regurgitation and heart failure remodeling. Am J Cardiol 1998; 82:1299-1301.

• Van Velduhisen, D.K. et al. High versus low dose ACE inhibition in chronic heart failure: a double blind placebo controlled study of imidapril. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998; 32:1811-1818.

• Luzier, A.B. et al. Impact of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor under dosing on rehospitalization rates in congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol 1998; 82:465-469.

• Gattis, W.A. et al. Is optimal angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor dosing neglected in elderly patients with heart failure?. Am Heart J 1998; 136:43-48.

Angiotensin II Receptor Blockade

John J. V. McMurray, MD

• McMurray, J. et al. Clinical trials with angiotension II receptor antagonists in heart failure and myocardial infarction. Br J Cardiol 1999; 5: 566-576.

• McKelvie, R.S. et al. Comparison of Candesartan, Enalapril, and Their Combination in Congestive Heart Failure : Randomized Evaluation of Strategies for Left Ventricular Dysfunction (RESOLVD) Pilot Study: The RESOLVD Pilot Study Investigators. Circulation 1999; 100: 1056-1064.

• Gottlieb, S.S. et al. Hemodynamic and neurohormonal effects of the angiotensin II antagonist losartan in patients with congestive heart failure. Circulation 1993; 88: 1602-1609.

• Crozier, I. et al. Losartan in Heart Failure : Hemodynamic Effects and Tolerability. Circulation 1995; 91: 691-697.

• Baruch, L. et al. Augmented Short- and Long-Term Hemodynamic and Hormonal Effects of an Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Added to Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Therapy in Patients With Heart Failure. Circulation 1999; 99: 2658-2664.

• Liu, J-L. and Zucker, I.H. Regulation of Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Heart Failure : A Role for Nitric Oxide and Angiotensin II. Circ. Res. 1999; 84: 417-423.

• Hamroff, G. et al. Addition of Angiotensin II Receptor Blockade to Maximal Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition Improves Exercise Capacity in Patients With Severe Congestive Heart Failure. Circulation 1999; 99: 990-992.

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